Deployed 0c10a02 to 0.8.0 with MkDocs 1.6.0 and mike 2.1.1
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Sergiu Deitsch
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Customizing Handler Output
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@ -731,27 +772,60 @@ PC: @ 0x412eb1 TestWaitingLogSink::send()
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@ 0x7f892f7ef1c4 (unknown)
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@ 0x7f892f7ef1c4 (unknown)
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@ 0x4046f9 (unknown)
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</code></pre></div>
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</code></pre></div>
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<p>By default, the signal handler writes the failure dump to the standard
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<h2 id="customizing-handler-output">Customizing Handler Output<a class="headerlink" href="#customizing-handler-output" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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error. You can customize the destination by
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<p>By default, the signal handler writes the failure dump to the standard error.
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<code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">InstallFailureWriter</span><span class="p">()</span></code>.</p>
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However, it is possible to customize the destination by installing a callback
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using the <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">InstallFailureWriter</span><span class="p">()</span></code> function. The function expects
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a pointer to a function with the following signature:</p>
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<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">YourFailureWriter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">message</span><span class="cm">/* (1)! */</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">length</span><span class="cm">/* (2)! */</span><span class="p">);</span>
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</span></code></pre></div>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p>The pointer references the start of the failure message.</p>
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<div class="admonition danger">
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<p class="admonition-title">Danger</p>
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<p>The string is <strong>not null-terminated</strong>.</p>
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</div>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>The message length in characters.</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<div class="admonition warning">
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<p class="admonition-title">Possible overflow errors</p>
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<p>Users should not expect the <code>message</code> string to be null-terminated.</p>
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</div>
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<h2 id="user-defined-failure-function">User-defined Failure Function<a class="headerlink" href="#user-defined-failure-function" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<h2 id="user-defined-failure-function">User-defined Failure Function<a class="headerlink" href="#user-defined-failure-function" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
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<p><code>FATAL</code> severity level messages or unsatisfied <code>CHECK</code> condition
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<p><code>FATAL</code> severity level messages or unsatisfied <code>CHECK</code> condition
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terminate your program. You can change the behavior of the termination
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terminate your program. You can change the behavior of the termination
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by <code>InstallFailureFunction</code>.</p>
|
by <code>google::InstallFailureFunction</code>.</p>
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<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">YourFailureFunction</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-1-1"><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">YourFailureFunction</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-2"><a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Reports something...</span>
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</span><span id="__span-1-2"><a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Reports something...</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-3"><a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">EXIT_FAILURE</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-3"><a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">EXIT_FAILURE</span><span class="p">);</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-4"><a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-4"><a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-5"><a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-5"><a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a>
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</span><span id="__span-0-6"><a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-6"><a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-7"><a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">InstallFailureFunction</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">YourFailureFunction</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-7"><a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">InstallFailureFunction</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&</span><span class="n">YourFailureFunction</span><span class="p">);</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-8"><a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-8"><a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
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<p>By default, glog tries to dump the stacktrace and calls <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">abort</span></code>. The
|
<p>By default, glog tries to dump the stacktrace and calls <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">std</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">abort</span></code>. The
|
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stacktrace is generated only when running the application on a system supported
|
stacktrace is generated only when running the application on a system
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by glog. Currently, glog supports x86, x86_64, PowerPC architectures,
|
supported<sup id="fnref:1"><a class="footnote-ref" href="#fn:1">1</a></sup> by glog.</p>
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||||||
<code>libunwind</code>, and the Debug Help Library (<code>dbghelp</code>) on Windows for extracting
|
<div class="footnote">
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the stack trace.</p>
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<hr />
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<ol>
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||||||
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<li id="fn:1">
|
||||||
|
<p>To extract the stack trace, glog currently supports the following targets:</p>
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|
<ul>
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||||||
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<li>x86, x86_64,</li>
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||||||
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<li>PowerPC architectures,</li>
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||||||
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<li><code>libunwind</code>,</li>
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<li>and the Debug Help Library (<code>dbghelp</code>) on Windows.</li>
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||||||
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</ul>
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||||||
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<p><a class="footnote-backref" href="#fnref:1" title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text">↩</a></p>
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@ -774,7 +848,7 @@ the stack trace.</p>
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<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
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</span>
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</span>
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<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 11, 2024</span>
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<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 12, 2024</span>
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</span>
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<div class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="filename">main.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><glog/logging.h></span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="filename">main.cpp</span><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><glog/logging.h></span>
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||||||
</span><span id="__span-0-2"><a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
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</span><span id="__span-0-2"><a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a>
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||||||
</span><span id="__span-0-3"><a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-0-3"><a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[])</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-0-4"><a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Initialize Google’s logging library.</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-0-4"><a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">InitGoogleLogging</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]);</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (1)!</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-5"><a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">InitGoogleLogging</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]);</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-0-5"><a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Found "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_cookies</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (2)!</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-6"><a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a>
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</span><span id="__span-0-6"><a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-7"><a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// ...</span>
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</span><span id="__span-0-8"><a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Found "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_cookies</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
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</span><span id="__span-0-9"><a id="__codelineno-0-9" name="__codelineno-0-9" href="#__codelineno-0-9"></a><span class="p">}</span>
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</span></code></pre></div>
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</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
|
<ol>
|
||||||
|
<li>Initialize the Google Logging Library</li>
|
||||||
|
<li>Log a message with informational severity</li>
|
||||||
|
</ol>
|
||||||
<p>The library can be installed using various <a href="packages/">package managers</a> or
|
<p>The library can be installed using various <a href="packages/">package managers</a> or
|
||||||
compiled <a href="build/">from source</a>. For a detailed overview of glog features and
|
compiled <a href="build/">from source</a>. For a detailed overview of glog features and
|
||||||
their usage, please refer to the <a href="logging/">user guide</a>.</p>
|
their usage, please refer to the <a href="logging/">user guide</a>.</p>
|
||||||
@ -595,7 +598,7 @@ their usage, please refer to the <a href="logging/">user guide</a>.</p>
|
|||||||
<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
|
<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
|
||||||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
|
||||||
</span>
|
</span>
|
||||||
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 11, 2024</span>
|
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 12, 2024</span>
|
||||||
</span>
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -360,6 +360,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -361,6 +361,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -416,6 +418,27 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../flags/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
|
Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -361,6 +361,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -416,6 +418,27 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../flags/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
|
Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
620
0.8.0/logging.md.orig
Normal file
620
0.8.0/logging.md.orig
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
|
|||||||
|
# Logging
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
glog defines a series of macros that simplify many common logging tasks. You can
|
||||||
|
log messages by [severity level](#severity-levels), [control logging](flags.md)
|
||||||
|
behavior from the command line, log based on
|
||||||
|
[conditionals](#conditional-occasional-logging), abort the program when
|
||||||
|
[expected conditions](#runtime-checks) are not met, introduce your [own logging
|
||||||
|
levels](#verbose-logging), [customize the prefix](#format-customization)
|
||||||
|
attached to log messages, and more.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Severity Levels
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can specify one of the following severity levels (in increasing order of
|
||||||
|
severity):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. `INFO`,
|
||||||
|
2. `WARNING`,
|
||||||
|
3. `ERROR`, and
|
||||||
|
4. `FATAL`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Logging a `FATAL` message terminates the program (after the message is logged).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! note
|
||||||
|
Messages of a given severity are logged not only to corresponding severity
|
||||||
|
logfile but also to other logfiles of lower severity. For instance, a
|
||||||
|
message of severity `FATAL` will be logged to logfiles of severity `FATAL`,
|
||||||
|
`ERROR`, `WARNING`, and `INFO`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The `DFATAL` severity logs a `FATAL` error in [debug mode](#debugging-support)
|
||||||
|
(i.e., there is no `NDEBUG` macro defined), but avoids halting the program in
|
||||||
|
production by automatically reducing the severity to `ERROR`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Log Files
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Unless otherwise specified, glog uses the format
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<tmp>/<program name>.<hostname>.<user name>.log.<severity level>.<date>-<time>.<pid>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
for log filenames written to a directory designated as `<tmp>` and
|
||||||
|
determined according to the following rules.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**Windows**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: glog uses the
|
||||||
|
[GetTempPathA](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/fileapi/nf-fileapi-gettemppatha)
|
||||||
|
API function to retrieve the directory for temporary files with a
|
||||||
|
fallback to
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. `C:\TMP\`
|
||||||
|
2. `C:\TEMP\`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(in the order given.)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**non-Windows**
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: The directory is determined by referencing the environment variables
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. `TMPDIR`
|
||||||
|
2. `TMP`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if set with a fallback to `/tmp/`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The default path to a log file on Linux, for instance, could be
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/tmp/hello_world.example.com.hamaji.log.INFO.20080709-222411.10474
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
By default, glog echos `ERROR` and `FATAL` messages to standard error in
|
||||||
|
addition to log files.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Log Line Prefix Format
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Log lines have this form:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Lyyyymmdd hh:mm:ss.uuuuuu threadid file:line] msg...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
where the fields are defined as follows:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
| Placeholder | Meaning |
|
||||||
|
| ------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------|
|
||||||
|
| `L` | A single character, representing the log level (e.g., `I` for `INFO`) |
|
||||||
|
| `yyyy` | The year |
|
||||||
|
| `mm` | The month (zero padded; i.e., May is `05`) |
|
||||||
|
| `dd` | The day (zero padded) |
|
||||||
|
| `hh:mm:ss.uuuuuu` | Time in hours, minutes and fractional seconds |
|
||||||
|
| `threadid` | The space-padded thread ID |
|
||||||
|
| `file` | The file name |
|
||||||
|
| `line` | The line number |
|
||||||
|
| `msg` | The user-supplied message |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Default log line prefix format"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
I1103 11:57:31.739339 24395 google.cc:2341] Command line: ./some_prog
|
||||||
|
I1103 11:57:31.739403 24395 google.cc:2342] Process id 24395
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! note
|
||||||
|
Although microseconds are useful for comparing events on a single machine,
|
||||||
|
clocks on different machines may not be well synchronized. Hence, use with
|
||||||
|
caution when comparing the low bits of timestamps from different machines.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Format Customization
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The predefined log line prefix can be replaced using a user-provided callback
|
||||||
|
that formats the corresponding output.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
For each log entry, the callback will be invoked with a reference to a
|
||||||
|
`google::LogMessage` instance containing the severity, filename, line
|
||||||
|
number, thread ID, and time of the event. It will also be given a
|
||||||
|
reference to the output stream, whose contents will be prepended to the actual
|
||||||
|
message in the final log line.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To enable the use of a prefix formatter, use the
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
google::InstallPrefixFormatter(&MyPrefixFormatter);
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
function to pass a pointer to the corresponding `MyPrefixFormatter` callback
|
||||||
|
during initialization. `InstallPrefixFormatter` takes a second optional argument
|
||||||
|
of type `#!cpp void*` that allows supplying user data to the callback.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Custom prefix formatter"
|
||||||
|
The following function outputs a prefix that matches glog's default format.
|
||||||
|
The third parameter `data` can be used to access user-supplied data which
|
||||||
|
unless specified defaults to `#!cpp nullptr`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
void MyPrefixFormatter(std::ostream& s, const google::LogMessage& m, void* /*data*/) {
|
||||||
|
s << google::GetLogSeverityName(m.severity())[0]
|
||||||
|
<< setw(4) << 1900 + m.time().year()
|
||||||
|
<< setw(2) << 1 + m.time().month()
|
||||||
|
<< setw(2) << m.time().day()
|
||||||
|
<< ' '
|
||||||
|
<< setw(2) << m.time().hour() << ':'
|
||||||
|
<< setw(2) << m.time().min() << ':'
|
||||||
|
<< setw(2) << m.time().sec() << "."
|
||||||
|
<< setw(6) << m.time().usec()
|
||||||
|
<< ' '
|
||||||
|
<< setfill(' ') << setw(5)
|
||||||
|
<< m.thread_id() << setfill('0')
|
||||||
|
<< ' '
|
||||||
|
<< m.basename() << ':' << m.line() << "]";
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<<<<<<< HEAD
|
||||||
|
## Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Several flags influence glog's output behavior.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Using Command-line Parameters and Environment Variables
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the [Google gflags
|
||||||
|
library](https://github.com/gflags/gflags) is installed on your machine,
|
||||||
|
the build system will automatically detect and use it, allowing you to
|
||||||
|
pass flags on the command line.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Activate `--logtostderr` in an application from the command line"
|
||||||
|
A binary `you_application` that uses glog can be started using
|
||||||
|
``` bash
|
||||||
|
./your_application --logtostderr=1
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
to log to `stderr` instead of writing the output to a log file.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! tip
|
||||||
|
You can set boolean flags to `true` by specifying `1`, `true`, or `yes`. To
|
||||||
|
set boolean flags to `false`, specify `0`, `false`, or `no`. In either case
|
||||||
|
the spelling is case-insensitive.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the Google gflags library isn't installed, you set flags via
|
||||||
|
environment variables, prefixing the flag name with `GLOG_`, e.g.,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Activate `logtostderr` without gflags"
|
||||||
|
``` bash
|
||||||
|
GLOG_logtostderr=1 ./your_application
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The following flags are most commonly used:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`logtostderr` (`bool`, default=`false`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Log messages to `stderr` instead of logfiles.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`stderrthreshold` (`int`, default=2, which is `ERROR`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Copy log messages at or above this level to `stderr` in addition to
|
||||||
|
logfiles. The numbers of severity levels `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`,
|
||||||
|
and `FATAL` are 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`minloglevel` (`int`, default=0, which is `INFO`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Log messages at or above this level. Again, the numbers of severity
|
||||||
|
levels `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`, and `FATAL` are 0, 1, 2, and 3,
|
||||||
|
respectively.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`log_dir` (`string`, default="")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: If specified, logfiles are written into this directory instead of
|
||||||
|
the default logging directory.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`v` (`int`, default=0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Show all `#!cpp VLOG(m)` messages for `m` less or equal the value of this
|
||||||
|
flag. Overridable by `#!bash --vmodule`. Refer to [verbose
|
||||||
|
logging](#verbose-logging) for more detail.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`vmodule` (`string`, default="")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Per-module verbose level. The argument has to contain a
|
||||||
|
comma-separated list of `<module name>=<log level>`. `<module name>`
|
||||||
|
is a glob pattern (e.g., `gfs*` for all modules whose name starts
|
||||||
|
with "gfs"), matched against the filename base (that is, name
|
||||||
|
ignoring .cc/.h./-inl.h). `<log level>` overrides any value given by
|
||||||
|
`--v`. See also [verbose logging](#verbose-logging) for
|
||||||
|
more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Additional flags are defined in
|
||||||
|
[flags.cc](https://github.com/google/glog/blob/master/src/flags.cc). Please see
|
||||||
|
the source for their complete list.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Modifying Flags Programmatically
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can also modify flag values in your program by modifying global variables
|
||||||
|
`FLAGS_*`. Most settings start working immediately after you update `FLAGS_*`.
|
||||||
|
The exceptions are the flags related to destination files. For instance, you
|
||||||
|
might want to set `FLAGS_log_dir` before calling `google::InitGoogleLogging`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Setting `log_dir` at runtime"
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG(INFO) << "file";
|
||||||
|
// Most flags work immediately after updating values.
|
||||||
|
FLAGS_logtostderr = 1;
|
||||||
|
LOG(INFO) << "stderr";
|
||||||
|
FLAGS_logtostderr = 0;
|
||||||
|
// This won’t change the log destination. If you want to set this
|
||||||
|
// value, you should do this before google::InitGoogleLogging .
|
||||||
|
FLAGS_log_dir = "/some/log/directory";
|
||||||
|
LOG(INFO) << "the same file";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
||||||| df683bb
|
||||||
|
## Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Several flags influence glog's output behavior.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Using Command-line Parameters and Environment Variables
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the [Google gflags
|
||||||
|
library](https://github.com/gflags/gflags) is installed on your machine,
|
||||||
|
the build system will automatically detect and use it, allowing you to
|
||||||
|
pass flags on the command line.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Activate `--logtostderr` in an application from the command line"
|
||||||
|
A binary `you_application` that uses glog can be started using
|
||||||
|
``` bash
|
||||||
|
./your_application --logtostderr=1
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
to log to `stderr` instead of writing the output to a log file.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! tip
|
||||||
|
You can set boolean flags to `true` by specifying `1`, `true`, or `yes`. To
|
||||||
|
set boolean flags to `false`, specify `0`, `false`, or `no`. In either case
|
||||||
|
the spelling is case-insensitive.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If the Google gflags library isn't installed, you set flags via
|
||||||
|
environment variables, prefixing the flag name with `GLOG_`, e.g.,
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Activate `logtostderr` without gflags"
|
||||||
|
``` bash
|
||||||
|
GLOG_logtostderr=1 ./your_application
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The following flags are most commonly used:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`logtostderr` (`bool`, default=`false`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Log messages to `stderr` instead of logfiles.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`stderrthreshold` (`int`, default=2, which is `ERROR`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Copy log messages at or above this level to `stderr` in addition to
|
||||||
|
logfiles. The numbers of severity levels `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`,
|
||||||
|
and `FATAL` are 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`minloglevel` (`int`, default=0, which is `INFO`)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Log messages at or above this level. Again, the numbers of severity
|
||||||
|
levels `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`, and `FATAL` are 0, 1, 2, and 3,
|
||||||
|
respectively.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`log_dir` (`string`, default="")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: If specified, logfiles are written into this directory instead of
|
||||||
|
the default logging directory.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`v` (`int`, default=0)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Show all `#!cpp VLOG(m)` messages for `m` less or equal the value of this
|
||||||
|
flag. Overridable by `#!bash --vmodule`. Refer to [verbose
|
||||||
|
logging](#verbose-logging) for more detail.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`vmodule` (`string`, default="")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
: Per-module verbose level. The argument has to contain a
|
||||||
|
comma-separated list of `<module name>=<log level>`. `<module name>`
|
||||||
|
is a glob pattern (e.g., `gfs*` for all modules whose name starts
|
||||||
|
with "gfs"), matched against the filename base (that is, name
|
||||||
|
ignoring .cc/.h./-inl.h). `<log level>` overrides any value given by
|
||||||
|
`--v`. See also [verbose logging](#verbose-logging) for
|
||||||
|
more details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Additional flags are defined in
|
||||||
|
[flags.cc](https://github.com/google/glog/blob/0.7.x/src/flags.cc). Please see
|
||||||
|
the source for their complete list.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### Modifying Flags Programmatically
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can also modify flag values in your program by modifying global variables
|
||||||
|
`FLAGS_*`. Most settings start working immediately after you update `FLAGS_*`.
|
||||||
|
The exceptions are the flags related to destination files. For instance, you
|
||||||
|
might want to set `FLAGS_log_dir` before calling `google::InitGoogleLogging`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! example "Setting `log_dir` at runtime"
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG(INFO) << "file";
|
||||||
|
// Most flags work immediately after updating values.
|
||||||
|
FLAGS_logtostderr = 1;
|
||||||
|
LOG(INFO) << "stderr";
|
||||||
|
FLAGS_logtostderr = 0;
|
||||||
|
// This won’t change the log destination. If you want to set this
|
||||||
|
// value, you should do this before google::InitGoogleLogging .
|
||||||
|
FLAGS_log_dir = "/some/log/directory";
|
||||||
|
LOG(INFO) << "the same file";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
=======
|
||||||
|
>>>>>>> 0.7.x
|
||||||
|
## Conditional / Occasional Logging
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Sometimes, you may only want to log a message under certain conditions.
|
||||||
|
You can use the following macros to perform conditional logging:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG_IF(INFO, num_cookies > 10) << "Got lots of cookies";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The "Got lots of cookies" message is logged only when the variable
|
||||||
|
`num_cookies` exceeds 10. If a line of code is executed many times, it may be
|
||||||
|
useful to only log a message at certain intervals. This kind of logging is most
|
||||||
|
useful for informational messages.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG_EVERY_N(INFO, 10) << "Got the " << google::COUNTER << "th cookie";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The above line outputs a log messages on the 1st, 11th, 21st, ... times
|
||||||
|
it is executed.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! note
|
||||||
|
The placeholder `#!cpp google::COUNTER` identifies the recurring repetition.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You can combine conditional and occasional logging with the following
|
||||||
|
macro.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG_IF_EVERY_N(INFO, (size > 1024), 10) << "Got the " << google::COUNTER
|
||||||
|
<< "th big cookie";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Instead of outputting a message every nth time, you can also limit the
|
||||||
|
output to the first n occurrences:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG_FIRST_N(INFO, 20) << "Got the " << google::COUNTER << "th cookie";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Outputs log messages for the first 20 times it is executed. The `#!cpp
|
||||||
|
google::COUNTER` identifier indicates which repetition is happening.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Other times, it is desired to only log a message periodically based on a
|
||||||
|
time. For instance, to log a message every 10ms:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG_EVERY_T(INFO, 0.01) << "Got a cookie";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Or every 2.35s:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
LOG_EVERY_T(INFO, 2.35) << "Got a cookie";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Verbose Logging
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
When you are chasing difficult bugs, thorough log messages are very
|
||||||
|
useful. However, you may want to ignore too verbose messages in usual
|
||||||
|
development. For such verbose logging, glog provides the `VLOG` macro, which
|
||||||
|
allows you to define your own numeric logging levels.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The `#!bash --v` command line option controls which verbose messages are logged:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
VLOG(1) << "I’m printed when you run the program with --v=1 or higher";
|
||||||
|
VLOG(2) << "I’m printed when you run the program with --v=2 or higher";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
With `VLOG`, the lower the verbose level, the more likely messages are to be
|
||||||
|
logged. For example, if `#!bash --v==1`, `#!cpp VLOG(1)` will log, but `#!cpp
|
||||||
|
VLOG(2)` will not log.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! warning
|
||||||
|
The `VLOG` behavior is opposite of the severity level logging, where
|
||||||
|
`INFO`, `ERROR`, etc. are defined in increasing order and thus
|
||||||
|
`#!bash --minloglevel` of 1 will only log `WARNING` and above.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Though you can specify any integers for both `VLOG` macro and `--v` flag, the
|
||||||
|
common values for them are small positive integers. For example, if you write
|
||||||
|
`#!cpp VLOG(0)`, you should specify `--v=-1` or lower to silence it. This is less
|
||||||
|
useful since we may not want verbose logs by default in most cases. The `VLOG`
|
||||||
|
macros always log at the `INFO` log level (when they log at all).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Verbose logging can be controlled from the command line on a per-module basis:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` bash
|
||||||
|
--vmodule=mapreduce=2,file=1,gfs*=3 --v=0
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Specifying these options will specifically:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Print `#!cpp VLOG(2)` and lower messages from mapreduce.{h,cc}
|
||||||
|
2. Print `#!cpp VLOG(1)` and lower messages from file.{h,cc}
|
||||||
|
3. Print `#!cpp VLOG(3)` and lower messages from files prefixed with "gfs"
|
||||||
|
4. Print `#!cpp VLOG(0)` and lower messages from elsewhere
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The wildcarding functionality 3. supports both `*` (matches 0 or more
|
||||||
|
characters) and `?` (matches any single character) wildcards. Please also refer
|
||||||
|
to [command line flags](flags.md) for more information.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There's also `#!cpp VLOG_IS_ON(n)` "verbose level" condition macro. This macro
|
||||||
|
returns `#!cpp true` when the `--v` is equal to or greater than `n`. The macro can be
|
||||||
|
used as follows:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
if (VLOG_IS_ON(2)) {
|
||||||
|
// (1)
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
1. Here we can perform some logging preparation and logging that can’t be
|
||||||
|
accomplished with just `#!cpp VLOG(2) << "message ...";`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Verbose level condition macros `VLOG_IF`, `VLOG_EVERY_N` and `VLOG_IF_EVERY_N`
|
||||||
|
behave analogous to `LOG_IF`, `LOG_EVERY_N`, `LOG_IF_EVERY_N`, but accept a
|
||||||
|
numeric verbosity level as opposed to a severity level.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
VLOG_IF(1, (size > 1024))
|
||||||
|
<< "I’m printed when size is more than 1024 and when you run the "
|
||||||
|
"program with --v=1 or more";
|
||||||
|
VLOG_EVERY_N(1, 10)
|
||||||
|
<< "I’m printed every 10th occurrence, and when you run the program "
|
||||||
|
"with --v=1 or more. Present occurrence is " << google::COUNTER;
|
||||||
|
VLOG_IF_EVERY_N(1, (size > 1024), 10)
|
||||||
|
<< "I’m printed on every 10th occurrence of case when size is more "
|
||||||
|
" than 1024, when you run the program with --v=1 or more. ";
|
||||||
|
"Present occurrence is " << google::COUNTER;
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! info "Performance"
|
||||||
|
The conditional logging macros provided by glog (e.g., `CHECK`, `LOG_IF`,
|
||||||
|
`VLOG`, etc.) are carefully implemented and don't execute the right hand
|
||||||
|
side expressions when the conditions are false. So, the following check may
|
||||||
|
not sacrifice the performance of your application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK(obj.ok) << obj.CreatePrettyFormattedStringButVerySlow();
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Debugging Support
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Special debug mode logging macros only have an effect in debug mode and are
|
||||||
|
compiled away to nothing for non-debug mode compiles. Use these macros to avoid
|
||||||
|
slowing down your production application due to excessive logging.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
DLOG(INFO) << "Found cookies";
|
||||||
|
DLOG_IF(INFO, num_cookies > 10) << "Got lots of cookies";
|
||||||
|
DLOG_EVERY_N(INFO, 10) << "Got the " << google::COUNTER << "th cookie";
|
||||||
|
DLOG_FIRST_N(INFO, 10) << "Got the " << google::COUNTER << "th cookie";
|
||||||
|
DLOG_EVERY_T(INFO, 0.01) << "Got a cookie";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Runtime Checks
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
It is a good practice to check expected conditions in your program
|
||||||
|
frequently to detect errors as early as possible. The `CHECK` macro
|
||||||
|
provides the ability to abort the application when a condition is not met,
|
||||||
|
similar to the `assert` macro defined in the standard C library.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`CHECK` aborts the application if a condition is not true. Unlike
|
||||||
|
`assert`, it is **not** controlled by `NDEBUG`, so the check will be executed
|
||||||
|
regardless of compilation mode. Therefore, `fp->Write(x)` in the following
|
||||||
|
example is always executed:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK(fp->Write(x) == 4) << "Write failed!";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
There are various helper macros for equality/inequality checks
|
||||||
|
-`CHECK_EQ`, `CHECK_NE`, `CHECK_LE`, `CHECK_LT`, `CHECK_GE`, and
|
||||||
|
`CHECK_GT`. They compare two values, and log a `FATAL` message including the two
|
||||||
|
values when the result is not as expected. The values must have
|
||||||
|
`#!cpp operator<<(ostream, ...)` defined.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
You may append to the error message like so:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK_NE(1, 2) << ": The world must be ending!";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We are very careful to ensure that each argument is evaluated exactly
|
||||||
|
once, and that anything which is legal to pass as a function argument is legal
|
||||||
|
here. In particular, the arguments may be temporary expressions which will end
|
||||||
|
up being destroyed at the end of the apparent statement, for example:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK_EQ(string("abc")[1], ’b’);
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The compiler reports an error if one of the arguments is a pointer and the other
|
||||||
|
is `#!cpp nullptr`. To work around this, simply `#!cpp static_cast` `#!cpp
|
||||||
|
nullptr` to the type of the desired pointer.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK_EQ(some_ptr, static_cast<SomeType*>(nullptr));
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Better yet, use the `CHECK_NOTNULL` macro:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK_NOTNULL(some_ptr);
|
||||||
|
some_ptr->DoSomething();
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Since this macro returns the given pointer, this is very useful in
|
||||||
|
constructor initializer lists.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
struct S {
|
||||||
|
S(Something* ptr) : ptr_(CHECK_NOTNULL(ptr)) {}
|
||||||
|
Something* ptr_;
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! warning
|
||||||
|
Due to the argument forwarding, `CHECK_NOTNULL` cannot be used to
|
||||||
|
simultaneously stream an additional custom message. To provide a custom
|
||||||
|
message, one can use the macro `CHECK_EQ` prior to the failing check.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
If you are comparing C strings (`#!cpp char *`), a handy set of macros performs
|
||||||
|
both case sensitive and insensitive comparisons - `CHECK_STREQ`, `CHECK_STRNE`,
|
||||||
|
`CHECK_STRCASEEQ`, and `CHECK_STRCASENE`. The `CHECK_*CASE*` macro variants are
|
||||||
|
case-insensitive. You can safely pass `#!cpp nullptr` pointers to this macro.
|
||||||
|
They treat `#!cpp nullptr` and any non-`#!cpp nullptr` string as not equal. Two
|
||||||
|
`#!cpp nullptr`s are equal.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!!! note
|
||||||
|
Both arguments may be temporary objects which are destructed at the
|
||||||
|
end of the current *full expression*, such as
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
CHECK_STREQ(Foo().c_str(), Bar().c_str());
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
where `Foo` and `Bar` return `std::string`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The `CHECK_DOUBLE_EQ` macro checks the equality of two floating point values,
|
||||||
|
accepting a small error margin. `CHECK_NEAR` accepts a third floating point
|
||||||
|
argument, which specifies the acceptable error margin.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Raw Logging
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The header file `<glog/raw_logging.h>` can be used for thread-safe logging,
|
||||||
|
which does not allocate any memory or acquire any locks. Therefore, the macros
|
||||||
|
defined in this header file can be used by low-level memory allocation and
|
||||||
|
synchronization code. Please check
|
||||||
|
[src/glog/raw_logging.h](https://github.com/google/glog/blob/master/src/glog/raw_logging.h)
|
||||||
|
for detail.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Google Style `perror()`
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`PLOG()` and `PLOG_IF()` and `PCHECK()` behave exactly like their `LOG*` and
|
||||||
|
`CHECK` equivalents with the addition that they append a description of the
|
||||||
|
current state of `errno` to their output lines. E.g.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
``` cpp
|
||||||
|
PCHECK(write(1, nullptr, 2) >= 0) << "Write nullptr failed";
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
This check fails with the following error message.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
F0825 185142 test.cc:22] Check failed: write(1, nullptr, 2) >= 0 Write nullptr failed: Bad address [14]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Syslog
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
`SYSLOG`, `SYSLOG_IF`, and `SYSLOG_EVERY_N` macros are available. These log to
|
||||||
|
syslog in addition to the normal logs. Be aware that logging to syslog can
|
||||||
|
drastically impact performance, especially if syslog is configured for remote
|
||||||
|
logging! Make sure you understand the implications of outputting to syslog
|
||||||
|
before you use these macros. In general, it's wise to use these macros
|
||||||
|
sparingly.
|
||||||
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
|
|||||||
<link rel="prev" href="../packages/">
|
<link rel="prev" href="../packages/">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<link rel="next" href="../sinks/">
|
<link rel="next" href="../flags/">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<link rel="icon" href="../assets/images/favicon.png">
|
<link rel="icon" href="../assets/images/favicon.png">
|
||||||
@ -361,6 +361,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -481,39 +483,6 @@
|
|||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
</nav>
|
</nav>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
||||||
<a href="#adjusting-output" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
||||||
Adjusting Output
|
|
||||||
</span>
|
|
||||||
</a>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Adjusting Output">
|
|
||||||
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
||||||
<a href="#using-command-line-parameters-and-environment-variables" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
||||||
Using Command-line Parameters and Environment Variables
|
|
||||||
</span>
|
|
||||||
</a>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
||||||
<a href="#modifying-flags-programmatically" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
||||||
Modifying Flags Programmatically
|
|
||||||
</span>
|
|
||||||
</a>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</ul>
|
|
||||||
</nav>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
@ -594,6 +563,27 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../flags/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
|
Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -831,39 +821,6 @@
|
|||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
</nav>
|
</nav>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
||||||
<a href="#adjusting-output" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
||||||
Adjusting Output
|
|
||||||
</span>
|
|
||||||
</a>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Adjusting Output">
|
|
||||||
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
||||||
<a href="#using-command-line-parameters-and-environment-variables" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
||||||
Using Command-line Parameters and Environment Variables
|
|
||||||
</span>
|
|
||||||
</a>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
||||||
<a href="#modifying-flags-programmatically" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
|
||||||
Modifying Flags Programmatically
|
|
||||||
</span>
|
|
||||||
</a>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</ul>
|
|
||||||
</nav>
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
</li>
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
@ -954,8 +911,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
<h1 id="logging">Logging<a class="headerlink" href="#logging" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
<h1 id="logging">Logging<a class="headerlink" href="#logging" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h1>
|
||||||
<p>glog defines a series of macros that simplify many common logging tasks. You can
|
<p>glog defines a series of macros that simplify many common logging tasks. You can
|
||||||
log messages by <a href="#severity-levels">severity level</a>, <a href="#adjusting-output">control
|
log messages by <a href="#severity-levels">severity level</a>, <a href="../flags/">control logging</a>
|
||||||
logging</a> behavior from the command line, log based on
|
behavior from the command line, log based on
|
||||||
<a href="#conditional-occasional-logging">conditionals</a>, abort the program when
|
<a href="#conditional-occasional-logging">conditionals</a>, abort the program when
|
||||||
<a href="#runtime-checks">expected conditions</a> are not met, introduce your <a href="#verbose-logging">own logging
|
<a href="#runtime-checks">expected conditions</a> are not met, introduce your <a href="#verbose-logging">own logging
|
||||||
levels</a>, <a href="#format-customization">customize the prefix</a>
|
levels</a>, <a href="#format-customization">customize the prefix</a>
|
||||||
@ -1114,104 +1071,16 @@ unless specified defaults to <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k
|
|||||||
</span><span id="__span-2-16"><a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-2-16"><a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
</div>
|
</div>
|
||||||
<h2 id="adjusting-output">Adjusting Output<a class="headerlink" href="#adjusting-output" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
|
||||||
<p>Several flags influence glog's output behavior.</p>
|
|
||||||
<h3 id="using-command-line-parameters-and-environment-variables">Using Command-line Parameters and Environment Variables<a class="headerlink" href="#using-command-line-parameters-and-environment-variables" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
|
||||||
<p>If the <a href="https://github.com/gflags/gflags">Google gflags
|
|
||||||
library</a> is installed on your machine,
|
|
||||||
the build system will automatically detect and use it, allowing you to
|
|
||||||
pass flags on the command line.</p>
|
|
||||||
<div class="admonition example">
|
|
||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Activate <code>--logtostderr</code> in an application from the command line</p>
|
|
||||||
<p>A binary <code>you_application</code> that uses glog can be started using
|
|
||||||
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-3-1"><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a>./your_application<span class="w"> </span>--logtostderr<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>
|
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
|
||||||
to log to <code>stderr</code> instead of writing the output to a log file.</p>
|
|
||||||
</div>
|
|
||||||
<div class="admonition tip">
|
|
||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Tip</p>
|
|
||||||
<p>You can set boolean flags to <code>true</code> by specifying <code>1</code>, <code>true</code>, or <code>yes</code>. To
|
|
||||||
set boolean flags to <code>false</code>, specify <code>0</code>, <code>false</code>, or <code>no</code>. In either case
|
|
||||||
the spelling is case-insensitive.</p>
|
|
||||||
</div>
|
|
||||||
<p>If the Google gflags library isn't installed, you set flags via
|
|
||||||
environment variables, prefixing the flag name with <code>GLOG_</code>, e.g.,</p>
|
|
||||||
<div class="admonition example">
|
|
||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Activate <code>logtostderr</code> without gflags</p>
|
|
||||||
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-4-1"><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="nv">GLOG_logtostderr</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span><span class="w"> </span>./your_application
|
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
|
||||||
</div>
|
|
||||||
<p>The following flags are most commonly used:</p>
|
|
||||||
<dl>
|
|
||||||
<dt><code>logtostderr</code> (<code>bool</code>, default=<code>false</code>)</dt>
|
|
||||||
<dd>
|
|
||||||
<p>Log messages to <code>stderr</code> instead of logfiles.</p>
|
|
||||||
</dd>
|
|
||||||
<dt><code>stderrthreshold</code> (<code>int</code>, default=2, which is <code>ERROR</code>)</dt>
|
|
||||||
<dd>
|
|
||||||
<p>Copy log messages at or above this level to <code>stderr</code> in addition to
|
|
||||||
logfiles. The numbers of severity levels <code>INFO</code>, <code>WARNING</code>, <code>ERROR</code>,
|
|
||||||
and <code>FATAL</code> are 0, 1, 2, and 3, respectively.</p>
|
|
||||||
</dd>
|
|
||||||
<dt><code>minloglevel</code> (<code>int</code>, default=0, which is <code>INFO</code>)</dt>
|
|
||||||
<dd>
|
|
||||||
<p>Log messages at or above this level. Again, the numbers of severity
|
|
||||||
levels <code>INFO</code>, <code>WARNING</code>, <code>ERROR</code>, and <code>FATAL</code> are 0, 1, 2, and 3,
|
|
||||||
respectively.</p>
|
|
||||||
</dd>
|
|
||||||
<dt><code>log_dir</code> (<code>string</code>, default="")</dt>
|
|
||||||
<dd>
|
|
||||||
<p>If specified, logfiles are written into this directory instead of
|
|
||||||
the default logging directory.</p>
|
|
||||||
</dd>
|
|
||||||
<dt><code>v</code> (<code>int</code>, default=0)</dt>
|
|
||||||
<dd>
|
|
||||||
<p>Show all <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">m</span><span class="p">)</span></code> messages for <code>m</code> less or equal the value of this
|
|
||||||
flag. Overridable by <code class="language-bash highlight">--vmodule</code>. Refer to <a href="#verbose-logging">verbose
|
|
||||||
logging</a> for more detail.</p>
|
|
||||||
</dd>
|
|
||||||
<dt><code>vmodule</code> (<code>string</code>, default="")</dt>
|
|
||||||
<dd>
|
|
||||||
<p>Per-module verbose level. The argument has to contain a
|
|
||||||
comma-separated list of <code><module name>=<log level></code>. <code><module name></code>
|
|
||||||
is a glob pattern (e.g., <code>gfs*</code> for all modules whose name starts
|
|
||||||
with "gfs"), matched against the filename base (that is, name
|
|
||||||
ignoring .cc/.h./-inl.h). <code><log level></code> overrides any value given by
|
|
||||||
<code>--v</code>. See also <a href="#verbose-logging">verbose logging</a> for
|
|
||||||
more details.</p>
|
|
||||||
</dd>
|
|
||||||
</dl>
|
|
||||||
<p>Additional flags are defined in
|
|
||||||
<a href="https://github.com/google/glog/blob/master/src/flags.cc">flags.cc</a>. Please see
|
|
||||||
the source for their complete list.</p>
|
|
||||||
<h3 id="modifying-flags-programmatically">Modifying Flags Programmatically<a class="headerlink" href="#modifying-flags-programmatically" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h3>
|
|
||||||
<p>You can also modify flag values in your program by modifying global variables
|
|
||||||
<code>FLAGS_*</code>. Most settings start working immediately after you update <code>FLAGS_*</code>.
|
|
||||||
The exceptions are the flags related to destination files. For instance, you
|
|
||||||
might want to set <code>FLAGS_log_dir</code> before calling <code>google::InitGoogleLogging</code>.</p>
|
|
||||||
<div class="admonition example">
|
|
||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Setting <code>log_dir</code> at runtime</p>
|
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-5-1"><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="n">LOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"file"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-2"><a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="c1">// Most flags work immediately after updating values.</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-3"><a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="n">FLAGS_logtostderr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-4"><a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="n">LOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"stderr"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-5"><a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="n">FLAGS_logtostderr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-6"><a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="c1">// This won’t change the log destination. If you want to set this</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-7"><a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="c1">// value, you should do this before google::InitGoogleLogging .</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-8"><a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="n">FLAGS_log_dir</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"/some/log/directory"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-5-9"><a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="n">LOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"the same file"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
|
||||||
</div>
|
|
||||||
<h2 id="conditional-occasional-logging">Conditional / Occasional Logging<a class="headerlink" href="#conditional-occasional-logging" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
<h2 id="conditional-occasional-logging">Conditional / Occasional Logging<a class="headerlink" href="#conditional-occasional-logging" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||||||
<p>Sometimes, you may only want to log a message under certain conditions.
|
<p>Sometimes, you may only want to log a message under certain conditions.
|
||||||
You can use the following macros to perform conditional logging:</p>
|
You can use the following macros to perform conditional logging:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-6-1"><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_IF</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_cookies</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got lots of cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-3-1"><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_IF</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_cookies</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got lots of cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>The "Got lots of cookies" message is logged only when the variable
|
<p>The "Got lots of cookies" message is logged only when the variable
|
||||||
<code>num_cookies</code> exceeds 10. If a line of code is executed many times, it may be
|
<code>num_cookies</code> exceeds 10. If a line of code is executed many times, it may be
|
||||||
useful to only log a message at certain intervals. This kind of logging is most
|
useful to only log a message at certain intervals. This kind of logging is most
|
||||||
useful for informational messages.</p>
|
useful for informational messages.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-7-1"><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-4-1"><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>The above line outputs a log messages on the 1st, 11th, 21st, ... times
|
<p>The above line outputs a log messages on the 1st, 11th, 21st, ... times
|
||||||
it is executed.</p>
|
it is executed.</p>
|
||||||
@ -1221,20 +1090,20 @@ it is executed.</p>
|
|||||||
</div>
|
</div>
|
||||||
<p>You can combine conditional and occasional logging with the following
|
<p>You can combine conditional and occasional logging with the following
|
||||||
macro.</p>
|
macro.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-8-1"><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_IF_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-5-1"><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_IF_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-8-2"><a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th big cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-5-2"><a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th big cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>Instead of outputting a message every nth time, you can also limit the
|
<p>Instead of outputting a message every nth time, you can also limit the
|
||||||
output to the first n occurrences:</p>
|
output to the first n occurrences:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-9-1"><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_FIRST_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-6-1"><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_FIRST_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>Outputs log messages for the first 20 times it is executed. The <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span></code> identifier indicates which repetition is happening.</p>
|
<p>Outputs log messages for the first 20 times it is executed. The <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span></code> identifier indicates which repetition is happening.</p>
|
||||||
<p>Other times, it is desired to only log a message periodically based on a
|
<p>Other times, it is desired to only log a message periodically based on a
|
||||||
time. For instance, to log a message every 10ms:</p>
|
time. For instance, to log a message every 10ms:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-10-1"><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_EVERY_T</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got a cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-7-1"><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_EVERY_T</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got a cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>Or every 2.35s:</p>
|
<p>Or every 2.35s:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-11-1"><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_EVERY_T</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.35</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got a cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-8-1"><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="n">LOG_EVERY_T</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">2.35</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got a cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<h2 id="verbose-logging">Verbose Logging<a class="headerlink" href="#verbose-logging" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
<h2 id="verbose-logging">Verbose Logging<a class="headerlink" href="#verbose-logging" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||||||
<p>When you are chasing difficult bugs, thorough log messages are very
|
<p>When you are chasing difficult bugs, thorough log messages are very
|
||||||
@ -1242,8 +1111,8 @@ useful. However, you may want to ignore too verbose messages in usual
|
|||||||
development. For such verbose logging, glog provides the <code>VLOG</code> macro, which
|
development. For such verbose logging, glog provides the <code>VLOG</code> macro, which
|
||||||
allows you to define your own numeric logging levels.</p>
|
allows you to define your own numeric logging levels.</p>
|
||||||
<p>The <code class="language-bash highlight">--v</code> command line option controls which verbose messages are logged:</p>
|
<p>The <code class="language-bash highlight">--v</code> command line option controls which verbose messages are logged:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-12-1"><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed when you run the program with --v=1 or higher"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-9-1"><a id="__codelineno-9-1" name="__codelineno-9-1" href="#__codelineno-9-1"></a><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed when you run the program with --v=1 or higher"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-12-2"><a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed when you run the program with --v=2 or higher"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-9-2"><a id="__codelineno-9-2" name="__codelineno-9-2" href="#__codelineno-9-2"></a><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed when you run the program with --v=2 or higher"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>With <code>VLOG</code>, the lower the verbose level, the more likely messages are to be
|
<p>With <code>VLOG</code>, the lower the verbose level, the more likely messages are to be
|
||||||
logged. For example, if <code class="language-bash highlight">--v<span class="o">==</span><span class="m">1</span></code>, <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></code> will log, but <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span></code> will not log.</p>
|
logged. For example, if <code class="language-bash highlight">--v<span class="o">==</span><span class="m">1</span></code>, <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span></code> will log, but <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span></code> will not log.</p>
|
||||||
@ -1259,7 +1128,7 @@ common values for them are small positive integers. For example, if you write
|
|||||||
useful since we may not want verbose logs by default in most cases. The <code>VLOG</code>
|
useful since we may not want verbose logs by default in most cases. The <code>VLOG</code>
|
||||||
macros always log at the <code>INFO</code> log level (when they log at all).</p>
|
macros always log at the <code>INFO</code> log level (when they log at all).</p>
|
||||||
<p>Verbose logging can be controlled from the command line on a per-module basis:</p>
|
<p>Verbose logging can be controlled from the command line on a per-module basis:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-13-1"><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a>--vmodule<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">mapreduce</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span>,file<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>,gfs*<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="w"> </span>--v<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">0</span>
|
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-10-1"><a id="__codelineno-10-1" name="__codelineno-10-1" href="#__codelineno-10-1"></a>--vmodule<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">mapreduce</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span>,file<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>,gfs*<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">3</span><span class="w"> </span>--v<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">0</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>Specifying these options will specifically:</p>
|
<p>Specifying these options will specifically:</p>
|
||||||
<ol>
|
<ol>
|
||||||
@ -1270,28 +1139,31 @@ macros always log at the <code>INFO</code> log level (when they log at all).</p>
|
|||||||
</ol>
|
</ol>
|
||||||
<p>The wildcarding functionality 3. supports both <code>*</code> (matches 0 or more
|
<p>The wildcarding functionality 3. supports both <code>*</code> (matches 0 or more
|
||||||
characters) and <code>?</code> (matches any single character) wildcards. Please also refer
|
characters) and <code>?</code> (matches any single character) wildcards. Please also refer
|
||||||
to <a href="#adjusting-output">command line flags</a> for more information.</p>
|
to <a href="../flags/">command line flags</a> for more information.</p>
|
||||||
<p>There's also <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG_IS_ON</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span></code> "verbose level" condition macro. This macro
|
<p>There's also <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG_IS_ON</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span></code> "verbose level" condition macro. This macro
|
||||||
returns <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="nb">true</span></code> when the <code>--v</code> is equal to or greater than <code>n</code>. The macro can be
|
returns <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="nb">true</span></code> when the <code>--v</code> is equal to or greater than <code>n</code>. The macro can be
|
||||||
used as follows:</p>
|
used as follows:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-14-1"><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">VLOG_IS_ON</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-11-1"><a id="__codelineno-11-1" name="__codelineno-11-1" href="#__codelineno-11-1"></a><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">VLOG_IS_ON</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-14-2"><a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// do some logging preparation and logging</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-11-2"><a id="__codelineno-11-2" name="__codelineno-11-2" href="#__codelineno-11-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// (1)</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-14-3"><a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// that can’t be accomplished with just VLOG(2) << ...;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-11-3"><a id="__codelineno-11-3" name="__codelineno-11-3" href="#__codelineno-11-3"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-14-4"><a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
|
<ol>
|
||||||
|
<li>Here we can perform some logging preparation and logging that can’t be
|
||||||
|
accomplished with just <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="n">VLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"message ..."</span><span class="p">;</span></code></li>
|
||||||
|
</ol>
|
||||||
<p>Verbose level condition macros <code>VLOG_IF</code>, <code>VLOG_EVERY_N</code> and <code>VLOG_IF_EVERY_N</code>
|
<p>Verbose level condition macros <code>VLOG_IF</code>, <code>VLOG_EVERY_N</code> and <code>VLOG_IF_EVERY_N</code>
|
||||||
behave analogous to <code>LOG_IF</code>, <code>LOG_EVERY_N</code>, <code>LOG_IF_EVERY_N</code>, but accept a
|
behave analogous to <code>LOG_IF</code>, <code>LOG_EVERY_N</code>, <code>LOG_IF_EVERY_N</code>, but accept a
|
||||||
numeric verbosity level as opposed to a severity level.</p>
|
numeric verbosity level as opposed to a severity level.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-15-1"><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="n">VLOG_IF</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-12-1"><a id="__codelineno-12-1" name="__codelineno-12-1" href="#__codelineno-12-1"></a><span class="n">VLOG_IF</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-2"><a id="__codelineno-15-2" name="__codelineno-15-2" href="#__codelineno-15-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed when size is more than 1024 and when you run the "</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-2"><a id="__codelineno-12-2" name="__codelineno-12-2" href="#__codelineno-12-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed when size is more than 1024 and when you run the "</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-3"><a id="__codelineno-15-3" name="__codelineno-15-3" href="#__codelineno-15-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"program with --v=1 or more"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-3"><a id="__codelineno-12-3" name="__codelineno-12-3" href="#__codelineno-12-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"program with --v=1 or more"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-4"><a id="__codelineno-15-4" name="__codelineno-15-4" href="#__codelineno-15-4"></a><span class="n">VLOG_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-4"><a id="__codelineno-12-4" name="__codelineno-12-4" href="#__codelineno-12-4"></a><span class="n">VLOG_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-5"><a id="__codelineno-15-5" name="__codelineno-15-5" href="#__codelineno-15-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed every 10th occurrence, and when you run the program "</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-5"><a id="__codelineno-12-5" name="__codelineno-12-5" href="#__codelineno-12-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed every 10th occurrence, and when you run the program "</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-6"><a id="__codelineno-15-6" name="__codelineno-15-6" href="#__codelineno-15-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"with --v=1 or more. Present occurrence is "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-6"><a id="__codelineno-12-6" name="__codelineno-12-6" href="#__codelineno-12-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"with --v=1 or more. Present occurrence is "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-7"><a id="__codelineno-15-7" name="__codelineno-15-7" href="#__codelineno-15-7"></a><span class="n">VLOG_IF_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-7"><a id="__codelineno-12-7" name="__codelineno-12-7" href="#__codelineno-12-7"></a><span class="n">VLOG_IF_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-8"><a id="__codelineno-15-8" name="__codelineno-15-8" href="#__codelineno-15-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed on every 10th occurrence of case when size is more "</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-8"><a id="__codelineno-12-8" name="__codelineno-12-8" href="#__codelineno-12-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"I’m printed on every 10th occurrence of case when size is more "</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-9"><a id="__codelineno-15-9" name="__codelineno-15-9" href="#__codelineno-15-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" than 1024, when you run the program with --v=1 or more. "</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-9"><a id="__codelineno-12-9" name="__codelineno-12-9" href="#__codelineno-12-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">" than 1024, when you run the program with --v=1 or more. "</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-15-10"><a id="__codelineno-15-10" name="__codelineno-15-10" href="#__codelineno-15-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Present occurrence is "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-12-10"><a id="__codelineno-12-10" name="__codelineno-12-10" href="#__codelineno-12-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Present occurrence is "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<div class="admonition info">
|
<div class="admonition info">
|
||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Performance</p>
|
<p class="admonition-title">Performance</p>
|
||||||
@ -1299,18 +1171,18 @@ numeric verbosity level as opposed to a severity level.</p>
|
|||||||
<code>VLOG</code>, etc.) are carefully implemented and don't execute the right hand
|
<code>VLOG</code>, etc.) are carefully implemented and don't execute the right hand
|
||||||
side expressions when the conditions are false. So, the following check may
|
side expressions when the conditions are false. So, the following check may
|
||||||
not sacrifice the performance of your application.</p>
|
not sacrifice the performance of your application.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-16-1"><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">CreatePrettyFormattedStringButVerySlow</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-13-1"><a id="__codelineno-13-1" name="__codelineno-13-1" href="#__codelineno-13-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">CreatePrettyFormattedStringButVerySlow</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
</div>
|
</div>
|
||||||
<h2 id="debugging-support">Debugging Support<a class="headerlink" href="#debugging-support" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
<h2 id="debugging-support">Debugging Support<a class="headerlink" href="#debugging-support" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||||||
<p>Special debug mode logging macros only have an effect in debug mode and are
|
<p>Special debug mode logging macros only have an effect in debug mode and are
|
||||||
compiled away to nothing for non-debug mode compiles. Use these macros to avoid
|
compiled away to nothing for non-debug mode compiles. Use these macros to avoid
|
||||||
slowing down your production application due to excessive logging.</p>
|
slowing down your production application due to excessive logging.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-17-1"><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="n">DLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Found cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-14-1"><a id="__codelineno-14-1" name="__codelineno-14-1" href="#__codelineno-14-1"></a><span class="n">DLOG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Found cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-17-2"><a id="__codelineno-17-2" name="__codelineno-17-2" href="#__codelineno-17-2"></a><span class="n">DLOG_IF</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_cookies</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got lots of cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-14-2"><a id="__codelineno-14-2" name="__codelineno-14-2" href="#__codelineno-14-2"></a><span class="n">DLOG_IF</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">num_cookies</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got lots of cookies"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-17-3"><a id="__codelineno-17-3" name="__codelineno-17-3" href="#__codelineno-17-3"></a><span class="n">DLOG_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-14-3"><a id="__codelineno-14-3" name="__codelineno-14-3" href="#__codelineno-14-3"></a><span class="n">DLOG_EVERY_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-17-4"><a id="__codelineno-17-4" name="__codelineno-17-4" href="#__codelineno-17-4"></a><span class="n">DLOG_FIRST_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-14-4"><a id="__codelineno-14-4" name="__codelineno-14-4" href="#__codelineno-14-4"></a><span class="n">DLOG_FIRST_N</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got the "</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">COUNTER</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"th cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-17-5"><a id="__codelineno-17-5" name="__codelineno-17-5" href="#__codelineno-17-5"></a><span class="n">DLOG_EVERY_T</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got a cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-14-5"><a id="__codelineno-14-5" name="__codelineno-14-5" href="#__codelineno-14-5"></a><span class="n">DLOG_EVERY_T</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">INFO</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Got a cookie"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<h2 id="runtime-checks">Runtime Checks<a class="headerlink" href="#runtime-checks" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
<h2 id="runtime-checks">Runtime Checks<a class="headerlink" href="#runtime-checks" title="Permanent link">¶</a></h2>
|
||||||
<p>It is a good practice to check expected conditions in your program
|
<p>It is a good practice to check expected conditions in your program
|
||||||
@ -1321,7 +1193,7 @@ similar to the <code>assert</code> macro defined in the standard C library.</p>
|
|||||||
<code>assert</code>, it is <strong>not</strong> controlled by <code>NDEBUG</code>, so the check will be executed
|
<code>assert</code>, it is <strong>not</strong> controlled by <code>NDEBUG</code>, so the check will be executed
|
||||||
regardless of compilation mode. Therefore, <code>fp->Write(x)</code> in the following
|
regardless of compilation mode. Therefore, <code>fp->Write(x)</code> in the following
|
||||||
example is always executed:</p>
|
example is always executed:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-18-1"><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fp</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">Write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Write failed!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-15-1"><a id="__codelineno-15-1" name="__codelineno-15-1" href="#__codelineno-15-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fp</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">Write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Write failed!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>There are various helper macros for equality/inequality checks
|
<p>There are various helper macros for equality/inequality checks
|
||||||
-<code>CHECK_EQ</code>, <code>CHECK_NE</code>, <code>CHECK_LE</code>, <code>CHECK_LT</code>, <code>CHECK_GE</code>, and
|
-<code>CHECK_EQ</code>, <code>CHECK_NE</code>, <code>CHECK_LE</code>, <code>CHECK_LT</code>, <code>CHECK_GE</code>, and
|
||||||
@ -1329,28 +1201,28 @@ example is always executed:</p>
|
|||||||
values when the result is not as expected. The values must have
|
values when the result is not as expected. The values must have
|
||||||
<code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">operator</span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ostream</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...)</span></code> defined.</p>
|
<code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">operator</span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ostream</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">...)</span></code> defined.</p>
|
||||||
<p>You may append to the error message like so:</p>
|
<p>You may append to the error message like so:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-19-1"><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_NE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">": The world must be ending!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-16-1"><a id="__codelineno-16-1" name="__codelineno-16-1" href="#__codelineno-16-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_NE</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">": The world must be ending!"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>We are very careful to ensure that each argument is evaluated exactly
|
<p>We are very careful to ensure that each argument is evaluated exactly
|
||||||
once, and that anything which is legal to pass as a function argument is legal
|
once, and that anything which is legal to pass as a function argument is legal
|
||||||
here. In particular, the arguments may be temporary expressions which will end
|
here. In particular, the arguments may be temporary expressions which will end
|
||||||
up being destroyed at the end of the apparent statement, for example:</p>
|
up being destroyed at the end of the apparent statement, for example:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-20-1"><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_EQ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"abc"</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">’</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="err">’</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-17-1"><a id="__codelineno-17-1" name="__codelineno-17-1" href="#__codelineno-17-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_EQ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"abc"</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">’</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="err">’</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>The compiler reports an error if one of the arguments is a pointer and the other
|
<p>The compiler reports an error if one of the arguments is a pointer and the other
|
||||||
is <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">nullptr</span></code>. To work around this, simply <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">static_cast</span></code> <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">nullptr</span></code> to the type of the desired pointer.</p>
|
is <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">nullptr</span></code>. To work around this, simply <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">static_cast</span></code> <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">nullptr</span></code> to the type of the desired pointer.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-21-1"><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_EQ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_ptr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">SomeType</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-18-1"><a id="__codelineno-18-1" name="__codelineno-18-1" href="#__codelineno-18-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_EQ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_ptr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">static_cast</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">SomeType</span><span class="o">*></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">));</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>Better yet, use the <code>CHECK_NOTNULL</code> macro:</p>
|
<p>Better yet, use the <code>CHECK_NOTNULL</code> macro:</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-22-1"><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_NOTNULL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_ptr</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-19-1"><a id="__codelineno-19-1" name="__codelineno-19-1" href="#__codelineno-19-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_NOTNULL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">some_ptr</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-22-2"><a id="__codelineno-22-2" name="__codelineno-22-2" href="#__codelineno-22-2"></a><span class="n">some_ptr</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">DoSomething</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-19-2"><a id="__codelineno-19-2" name="__codelineno-19-2" href="#__codelineno-19-2"></a><span class="n">some_ptr</span><span class="o">-></span><span class="n">DoSomething</span><span class="p">();</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>Since this macro returns the given pointer, this is very useful in
|
<p>Since this macro returns the given pointer, this is very useful in
|
||||||
constructor initializer lists.</p>
|
constructor initializer lists.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-23-1"><a id="__codelineno-23-1" name="__codelineno-23-1" href="#__codelineno-23-1"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">S</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-20-1"><a id="__codelineno-20-1" name="__codelineno-20-1" href="#__codelineno-20-1"></a><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">S</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-23-2"><a id="__codelineno-23-2" name="__codelineno-23-2" href="#__codelineno-23-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">S</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Something</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ptr_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">CHECK_NOTNULL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-20-2"><a id="__codelineno-20-2" name="__codelineno-20-2" href="#__codelineno-20-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">S</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Something</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ptr_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">CHECK_NOTNULL</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-23-3"><a id="__codelineno-23-3" name="__codelineno-23-3" href="#__codelineno-23-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Something</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ptr_</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-20-3"><a id="__codelineno-20-3" name="__codelineno-20-3" href="#__codelineno-20-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Something</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ptr_</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span><span id="__span-23-4"><a id="__codelineno-23-4" name="__codelineno-23-4" href="#__codelineno-23-4"></a><span class="p">};</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-20-4"><a id="__codelineno-20-4" name="__codelineno-20-4" href="#__codelineno-20-4"></a><span class="p">};</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<div class="admonition warning">
|
<div class="admonition warning">
|
||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||||||
@ -1368,7 +1240,7 @@ They treat <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="k">nullptr</span></
|
|||||||
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||||||
<p>Both arguments may be temporary objects which are destructed at the
|
<p>Both arguments may be temporary objects which are destructed at the
|
||||||
end of the current <em>full expression</em>, such as</p>
|
end of the current <em>full expression</em>, such as</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-24-1"><a id="__codelineno-24-1" name="__codelineno-24-1" href="#__codelineno-24-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_STREQ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">c_str</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Bar</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">c_str</span><span class="p">());</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-21-1"><a id="__codelineno-21-1" name="__codelineno-21-1" href="#__codelineno-21-1"></a><span class="n">CHECK_STREQ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Foo</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">c_str</span><span class="p">(),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Bar</span><span class="p">().</span><span class="n">c_str</span><span class="p">());</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>where <code>Foo</code> and <code>Bar</code> return <code>std::string</code>.</p>
|
<p>where <code>Foo</code> and <code>Bar</code> return <code>std::string</code>.</p>
|
||||||
</div>
|
</div>
|
||||||
@ -1386,7 +1258,7 @@ for detail.</p>
|
|||||||
<p><code>PLOG()</code> and <code>PLOG_IF()</code> and <code>PCHECK()</code> behave exactly like their <code>LOG*</code> and
|
<p><code>PLOG()</code> and <code>PLOG_IF()</code> and <code>PCHECK()</code> behave exactly like their <code>LOG*</code> and
|
||||||
<code>CHECK</code> equivalents with the addition that they append a description of the
|
<code>CHECK</code> equivalents with the addition that they append a description of the
|
||||||
current state of <code>errno</code> to their output lines. E.g.</p>
|
current state of <code>errno</code> to their output lines. E.g.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-25-1"><a id="__codelineno-25-1" name="__codelineno-25-1" href="#__codelineno-25-1"></a><span class="n">PCHECK</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Write nullptr failed"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
<div class="language-cpp highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-22-1"><a id="__codelineno-22-1" name="__codelineno-22-1" href="#__codelineno-22-1"></a><span class="n">PCHECK</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">nullptr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">>=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o"><<</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"Write nullptr failed"</span><span class="p">;</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>This check fails with the following error message.</p>
|
<p>This check fails with the following error message.</p>
|
||||||
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code>F0825 185142 test.cc:22] Check failed: write(1, nullptr, 2) >= 0 Write nullptr failed: Bad address [14]
|
<div class="language-text highlight"><pre><span></span><code>F0825 185142 test.cc:22] Check failed: write(1, nullptr, 2) >= 0 Write nullptr failed: Bad address [14]
|
||||||
@ -1420,7 +1292,7 @@ sparingly.</p>
|
|||||||
<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
|
<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
|
||||||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
|
||||||
</span>
|
</span>
|
||||||
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 11, 2024</span>
|
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 12, 2024</span>
|
||||||
</span>
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -500,6 +500,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
|
|||||||
<link rel="canonical" href="https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/sinks/">
|
<link rel="canonical" href="https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/sinks/">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<link rel="prev" href="../logging/">
|
<link rel="prev" href="../flags/">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<link rel="next" href="../failures/">
|
<link rel="next" href="../failures/">
|
||||||
@ -361,6 +361,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -416,6 +418,27 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../flags/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
|
Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
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||||||
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|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -2,67 +2,72 @@
|
|||||||
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
|
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/build/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/build/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/contribute/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/contribute/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/failures/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/failures/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
|
</url>
|
||||||
|
<url>
|
||||||
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/flags/</loc>
|
||||||
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/license/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/license/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/log_cleaner/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/log_cleaner/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/log_stripping/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/log_stripping/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/logging/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/logging/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/packages/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/packages/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/sinks/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/sinks/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/unwinder/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/unwinder/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/usage/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/usage/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
<url>
|
<url>
|
||||||
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/windows/</loc>
|
<loc>https://google.github.io/glog/0.8.0/windows/</loc>
|
||||||
<lastmod>2024-06-11</lastmod>
|
<lastmod>2024-06-12</lastmod>
|
||||||
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
<changefreq>daily</changefreq>
|
||||||
</url>
|
</url>
|
||||||
</urlset>
|
</urlset>
|
||||||
Binary file not shown.
@ -361,6 +361,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -416,6 +418,27 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../flags/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
|
Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -518,10 +541,10 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2_6" checked>
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2_7" checked>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2_6" id="__nav_2_6_label" tabindex="0">
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2_7" id="__nav_2_7_label" tabindex="0">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
@ -532,8 +555,8 @@
|
|||||||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||||||
</label>
|
</label>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_7_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
||||||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_6">
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_7">
|
||||||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||||||
System-specific Considerations
|
System-specific Considerations
|
||||||
</label>
|
</label>
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -452,6 +452,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
@ -361,6 +361,8 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -416,6 +418,27 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
|
<a href="../flags/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
|
Adjusting Output
|
||||||
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
</a>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||||||
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
<a href="../sinks/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -518,10 +541,10 @@
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2_6" checked>
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type="checkbox" id="__nav_2_7" checked>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2_6" id="__nav_2_6_label" tabindex="0">
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_2_7" id="__nav_2_7_label" tabindex="0">
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
<span class="md-ellipsis">
|
||||||
@ -532,8 +555,8 @@
|
|||||||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||||||
</label>
|
</label>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_6_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
<nav class="md-nav" data-md-level="2" aria-labelledby="__nav_2_7_label" aria-expanded="true">
|
||||||
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_6">
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_2_7">
|
||||||
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||||||
System-specific Considerations
|
System-specific Considerations
|
||||||
</label>
|
</label>
|
||||||
@ -716,14 +739,21 @@ functions defined in <code>glog/logging.h</code>.</p>
|
|||||||
</span><span id="__span-1-11"><a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">FlushLogFiles</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">GLOG_ERROR</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
</span><span id="__span-1-11"><a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">FlushLogFiles</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">google</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">GLOG_ERROR</span><span class="p">);</span>
|
||||||
</span></code></pre></div>
|
</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||||
<p>If you don't need <code>ERROR</code> defined by <code>windows.h</code>, there are a couple of more
|
<p>If you don't need <code>ERROR</code> defined by <code>windows.h</code>, there are a couple of more
|
||||||
workarounds which sometimes don't work:</p>
|
workarounds which sometimes don't work<sup id="fnref:1"><a class="footnote-ref" href="#fn:1">1</a></sup>:</p>
|
||||||
<ul>
|
<ul>
|
||||||
<li><code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN</span></code> or <code>NOGDI</code> <strong>before</strong>
|
<li><code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN</span></code> or <code>NOGDI</code> <strong>before</strong>
|
||||||
<code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><windows.h></span></code>.</li>
|
<code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><windows.h></span></code>.</li>
|
||||||
<li><code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#undef ERROR</span></code> <strong>after</strong> <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><windows.h></span></code>.</li>
|
<li><code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#undef ERROR</span></code> <strong>after</strong> <code class="language-cpp highlight"><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf"><windows.h></span></code>.</li>
|
||||||
</ul>
|
</ul>
|
||||||
<p>See <a href="http://code.google.com/p/google-glog/issues/detail?id=33">this issue</a> for
|
<div class="footnote">
|
||||||
more detail.</p>
|
<hr />
|
||||||
|
<ol>
|
||||||
|
<li id="fn:1">
|
||||||
|
<p>For more information refer to <a href="http://code.google.com/p/google-glog/issues/detail?id=33">this
|
||||||
|
issue</a>. <a class="footnote-backref" href="#fnref:1" title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text">↩</a></p>
|
||||||
|
</li>
|
||||||
|
</ol>
|
||||||
|
</div>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -746,7 +776,7 @@ more detail.</p>
|
|||||||
<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
|
<span class="md-icon" title="Last update">
|
||||||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M21 13.1c-.1 0-.3.1-.4.2l-1 1 2.1 2.1 1-1c.2-.2.2-.6 0-.8l-1.3-1.3c-.1-.1-.2-.2-.4-.2m-1.9 1.8-6.1 6V23h2.1l6.1-6.1-2.1-2M12.5 7v5.2l4 2.4-1 1L11 13V7h1.5M11 21.9c-5.1-.5-9-4.8-9-9.9C2 6.5 6.5 2 12 2c5.3 0 9.6 4.1 10 9.3-.3-.1-.6-.2-1-.2s-.7.1-1 .2C19.6 7.2 16.2 4 12 4c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8 0 4.1 3.1 7.5 7.1 7.9l-.1.2v1.8Z"/></svg>
|
||||||
</span>
|
</span>
|
||||||
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 11, 2024</span>
|
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">June 12, 2024</span>
|
||||||
</span>
|
</span>
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user